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Edward Hornor Coates (November 12, 1846 – December 23, 1921) was a Philadelphia businessman, financier, and patron of the arts and sciences. He served as a director of the Mechanics National Bank in 1873, was chairman of the Committee on Instruction at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts from 1883 to 1890, and held the position of Academy president from 1890 to 1906. ==Biography== He was the son of Joseph Potts Hornor Coates and Eliza Henri Troth, a family of Quakers. An 1864 graduate of Haverford College, he married (first) Ella May Potts in 1872, who died on 9 May 1874 at the age of 22. He married (second) Florence Earle Coates in 1879, the daughter of prominent Philadelphia lawyer George H. Earle, Sr. This was also a second marriage for Florence, her first husband – William Nicholson – died in 1877 after only five years of marriage. Coates would eventually adopt Florence's daughter from her first marriage, Alice Earle Nicholson. Florence and Edward had one child together in 1881, but the baby, Josephine Wisner Coates, died in infancy. The family had a city house at 1018 Spruce Street and a suburban house — "Willing Terrace" — in the Germantown section of Philadelphia. A frequent guest was literary and social critic Matthew Arnold, who they would host during his stays in Philadelphia. Mrs. Coates was both inspired and encouraged by Mr. Arnold to pursue her interest in writing poetry. This would eventually lead to the publishing of nearly three hundred poems in the leading magazines of her day, as well as five volumes of collected verse.〔Bohm, Sonja N., comp. ''The Published Works of Florence Earle Coates (Magazines)''. 2009. Print.〕 The family spent the summer months in the Adirondacks, where they owned "Camp Elsinore," a summer retreat by Upper St. Regis Lake. There they entertained, rested, and escaped the humidity of Philadelphia summers. Many of Mrs. Coates' nature poems were inspired by the flora and fauna of the Adirondacks. About 1908, the couple moved to a city house at 2024 Spruce Street, near Rittenhouse Square, where they resided for the remainder of their lives. ===Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts=== Painter John McLure Hamilton, in a chapter about Coates from his book ''Men I Have Painted'' (1921),〔Hamilton, John McLure. ''Men I Have Painted''. London: T. Fisher Unwin Ltd., 1921; p. 176-180〕 describes Coates' tenure at PAFA: The reign of Mr. Coates at the Academy marked the period of its greatest prosperity. Rich endowments were made to the schools, a gallery of national portraiture was formed, and some of the best examples of Gilbert Stuart's work acquired. The annual exhibitions attained a brilliancy and éclat hitherto unknown... Mr. Coates wisely established the schools upon a conservative basis, building almost unconsciously the dykes high against the oncoming flow of insane novelties in art patterns... In this last struggle against modernism the President was ably supported by Eakins, Anschutz, Grafly, Thouron,〔Henry Joseph Thouron (1851-1915)〕 Vonnoh, and Chase... His unfailing courtesy, his disinterested thoughtfulness, his tactfulness, and his modesty endeared him to scholars and masters alike. No sacrifice of time or of means was too great, if he thought he could accomplish the end he always had in view—the honour and the glory of the Academy. Thomas Eakins became director of the school at PAFA in 1882, and Coates became chairman of instruction (and Eakins' superior) the following year. Coates commissioned ''The Swimming Hole'' from Eakins in 1884 as a work to be added to PAFA's permanent collection, only later to exchange it for the artist's ''Singing the Pathetic Song'' (1881).〔(Directors and Members ) of the Mechanics National Bank〕 The nudity of the men in ''The Swimming Hole'' was unlikely to have bothered Coates, he was a supporter of Edward Muybridge's photographic studies of the human body in motion. But most of the men in Eakins' painting were PAFA students, and having students pose nude for an instructor was contrary to PAFA policy. In January 1886, when Eakins had a male model remove his loincloth before either a female class or a mixed class – also contrary to PAFA policy – Coates wrote him a letter of reprimand. But the incident soon snowballed into a full-blown scandal, with accusations of sexual impropriety (and even incest) against Eakins.〔Henry Adams, ''Eakins Revealed'' (New York: Oxford University Press, 2005), p. 60.〕 Coates requested and received his resignation. Although their friendship was strained, Coates remained a supporter of the artist. When Eakins' client balked at paying for the bas-relief panels ''Knitting'' and ''Spinning'', Coates bought them and donated them to PAFA. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Edward Hornor Coates」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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